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Upgrading memory, or RAM, is the most effective solution when a computer struggles to run multiple applications at the same time. RAM serves as the short-term memory for the system, allowing it to store and access data that applications need to operate efficiently. When there's insufficient memory, the operating system resorts to using the hard drive as virtual memory, which is significantly slower, leading to performance issues and system lag.

More memory enables a system to handle more applications concurrently, as it allows each application to have the space it needs to operate without constantly swapping data in and out from slower storage mediums. This results in a smoother multitasking experience, where applications can remain responsive and function without delays.

Upgrading the processor could potentially enhance overall computing performance, but if the issue revolves around multitasking, additional RAM is usually the most straightforward and effective upgrade. A hard drive upgrade would mostly impact storage speed rather than multitasking capabilities. Lastly, while a graphics card upgrade is essential for graphic-intensive applications or gaming, it does not directly influence the ability to run multiple standard applications efficiently. Thus, enhancing memory is the solution that addresses the core issue of juggling multiple applications simultaneously.